RESUMEN
La biolixiviación, usando consorcios microbianos, es considera una alternativa ecoeficiente y de bajo costo para la recuperación de metales a partir de minerales de baja ley. En este estudio, se realizó la caracterización fisiológica y molecular de consorcios microbianos psicrotolerantes lixiviantes (CMPL), aislados de drenajes ácidos de minas de cuatro localidades mineras de las provincias de Pasco y Huarochirí, Perú, ubicados sobre los 4200 m de altitud. Se aislaron seis consorcios adaptados a medio 9K con ion ferroso y medio basal 9K con CuS al 0.5% p/v a 15 °C. Se evidenció la liberación de cobre en todos los consorcios. El CMPL con mejor crecimiento, presentó una recuperación de cobre de 12.47% en 30 días de evaluación. Los análisis de la secuenciación del gen ARNr 16S de la comunidad bacteriana, mostraron que los CMPL están dominados por el género Acidithiobacillus, seguido de Acidiphilium. En conclusión, se obtuvieron consorcios que pueden ser aplicados en biolixiviación de cobre en la minería altoandina.
Bioleaching, using microbial consortia, is regarded as an eco-efficient and cost-effective alternative for the recovery of metals from low-grade ores. In this study, we conducted physiological and molecular characterization of psychrotolerant leaching microbial consortia (PLMC) isolated from acid mine drainage in four mining sites within the Pasco and Huarochirí provinces of Peru, situated at altitudes above 4200 meters. Six consortia adapted to a medium containing ferrous ions (9K medium) and a basal medium with 0.5% w/v CuS at 15°C were isolated. All consortia exhibited copper release. The PLMC with the most robust growth achieved a copper recovery of 12.47% within 30 days of evaluation. 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the bacterial community revealed that the PLMCs were predominantly dominated by the genus Acidithiobacillus, followed by Acidiphilium. In conclusion, consortia suitable for copper biolixiviation in high-altitude mining contexts were successfully obtained.
RESUMEN
Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) is a host-restricted enterobacteria and the causative agent of fowl typhoid in poultry. Here, we report the complete genomes of two strains belonging to this serotype. SA68 is a field strain isolated from the livers of dead hen carcasses of a commercial layer farm presenting high mortality located in São Paulo city, Brazil, in 1990. Strain 9R corresponds to a live attenuated SG commercial vaccine. DNA was extracted from pure cultures and subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS) using the Ion Torrent PGM System. The assemblies reached lengths of 4,657,435 (SA68) and 4,657,471 (9R) base pairs. Complete genomes were deposited in GenBank under the accession numbers CP110192 (SA68) and CP110508 (9R). Both genomes were analyzed and compared in terms of molecular typing, antibiotic resistance genes, virulence genes, Salmonella pathogenic islands (SPIs), insertion sequences and prophages. The data obtained show many similarities in the genetic content, with the exception of the SPI-12 and CS54 pathogenic islands, which are exclusive to the field strain. The information generated will help to understand the virulence differences of field and vaccinal SG strains and can be used to perform evolutionary and epidemiologic studies.
